/* ------------------------------------------
        Core CSS Styles: Self-written, no third-party dependencies
        Follows mobile-first design, ensuring responsive layout and fast loading
        ------------------------------------------
        */

        /* Scoped CSS for .xiangning-case-study container to prevent conflicts */
        .xiangning-case-study {
            /* Basic reset only applies within this container */
            font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; /* Assumes Inter font is available, or falls back to system default */
            box-sizing: border-box;
            color: var(--text-color);
            line-height: 1.7; /* Increased line height for better readability */
            background-color: #f9fbfd; /* Background for the case study section itself */
            overflow-x: hidden; /* Prevents horizontal scrollbar within this section */
        }

        .xiangning-case-study *,
        .xiangning-case-study *::before,
        .xiangning-case-study *::after {
            box-sizing: inherit;
        }

        /* Define CSS variables within the scoped container or ensure they are globally defined in your site */
        :root {
            --primary-color: #0056b3; /* Xiangning brand primary color */
            --secondary-color: #f0f8ff; /* Auxiliary color */
            --text-color: #333;
            --light-text-color: #666;
            --border-color: #ddd;
            --shadow-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
            --breakpoint-sm: 600px;
            --breakpoint-md: 900px;
        }

        /* Scoped styles for general HTML elements */
        .xiangning-case-study a {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            text-decoration: none;
            transition: color 0.3s ease;
        }

        .xiangning-case-study a:hover {
            color: #003d80;
        }

        .xiangning-case-study h1,
        .xiangning-case-study h2,
        .xiangning-case-study h3,
        .xiangning-case-study h4,
        .xiangning-case-study h5,
        .xiangning-case-study h6 {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin-top: 1em;
            margin-bottom: 0.5em;
            line-height: 1.3;
        }

        .xiangning-case-study h1 { font-size: 2.8rem; }
        .xiangning-case-study h2 { font-size: 2.2rem; }
        .xiangning-case-study h3 { font-size: 1.8rem; }
        .xiangning-case-study h4 { font-size: 1.4rem; }

        .xiangning-case-study img {
            max-width: 100%;
            height: auto;
            display: block; /* Removes extra space below images */
            border-radius: 12px; /* Rounded corners */
        }

        .xiangning-case-study button {
            padding: 12px 25px;
            background-color: var(--primary-color);
            color: #fff;
            border: none;
            border-radius: 25px; /* Rounded buttons */
            cursor: pointer;
            font-size: 1rem;
            transition: background-color 0.3s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 8px var(--shadow-color);
        }

        .xiangning-case-study button:hover {
            background-color: #003d80;
            transform: translateY(-2px);
            box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); /* Ensure shadow change remains */
        }

        /* Layout container */
        .xiangning-case-study .case-detail-container {
            max-width: 1230px; /* PC width adjusted to 1230px */
            margin: 0 auto;
            padding: 30px 20px; /* Inner padding */
            background-color: #fff; /* Content area background color */
            border-radius: 15px; /* Larger rounded corners */
            box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
            margin-bottom: 40px; /* Bottom spacing */
        }

        /* ------------------------------------------
        Case Detail Page Specific Styles (scoped)
        ------------------------------------------
        */
        .xiangning-case-study .hero-section {
            position: relative; /* For absolute positioning of child elements */
            text-align: center;
            margin-bottom: 50px;
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .hero-image-wrapper {
            position: relative; /* Wraps the image, for text overlay */
            width: 100%;
            height: 500px; /* Larger header image size */
            overflow: hidden; /* Ensures image rounded corners */
            border-radius: 15px;
            box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
            background-color: #e0e0e0; /* Added background color to show areas not covered by 'contain' */
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .hero-image {
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            object-fit: cover; /* Changed from contain to cover to avoid blank spaces */
            transition: transform 0.5s ease;
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .hero-image-wrapper:hover .hero-image {
            transform: scale(1.05); /* Image zoom on hover */
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .hero-text-overlay {
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            left: 0;
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4); /* Semi-transparent background */
            color: #fff;
            padding: 20px;
            border-radius: 15px; /* Matches image rounded corners */
            text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); /* Adds text shadow for readability */
            transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .hero-image-wrapper:hover .hero-text-overlay {
            background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55); /* Darker background on hover */
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .hero-text-overlay h1 {
            /* Responsive font size using clamp() */
            font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3.8rem); 
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            color: #fff;
            white-space: normal; /* Ensure text wraps normally */
            overflow-wrap: break-word; /* Force long words to break and wrap */
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .hero-text-overlay p {
            /* Responsive font size using clamp() */
            font-size: clamp(0.9rem, 2.5vw, 1.4rem); 
            line-height: 1.4;
            color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
            padding: 0 10px; /* Added small horizontal padding */
            white-space: normal; /* Ensure text wraps normally */
            overflow-wrap: break-word; /* Force long words to break and wrap */
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .overview-section,
        .xiangning-case-study .problem-section,
        .xiangning-case-study .solution-section,
        .xiangning-case-study .results-section,
        .xiangning-case-study .cta-section,
        .xiangning-case-study .related-cases-section {
            margin-bottom: 40px;
            padding: 30px; /* Inner padding for modules */
            background-color: var(--secondary-color); /* Light background for each module */
            border-radius: 10px;
            box-shadow: inset 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03); /* Inner shadow effect */
            border: 1px solid var(--border-color); /* Module border */
        }
        
        .xiangning-case-study .overview-section {
            background-color: var(--primary-color); /* Overview section can use primary color for emphasis */
            color: #fff;
            padding: 40px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .overview-section h2 {
            color: #fff; /* Title color changed to white */
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .overview-section p {
            color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
            font-size: 1.1rem;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .overview-details {
            display: grid; /* Changed to grid */
            /*grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr)); */
            gap: 20px; /* Spacing between items */
            margin-top: 30px;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .overview-item {
            text-align: center;
            padding: 10px 20px;
            background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
            border-radius: 8px;
            min-width: 150px; /* Increased minimum width */
        }
        /* Ensure text within strong tags wraps */
        .xiangning-case-study .overview-item strong {
            display: block;
            font-size: 1.4rem;
            margin-bottom: 5px;
            color: #fff;
            white-space: normal; /* Allow text to wrap */
            overflow-wrap: break-word; /* Force long words to break */
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .overview-item span {
            font-size: 0.9rem;
            color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
            white-space: normal; /* Allow text to wrap */
            overflow-wrap: break-word; /* Force long words to break */
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .section-header {
            text-align: center;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .section-header h2 {
            font-size: 2.5rem;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            position: relative;
            padding-bottom: 10px;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .section-header h2::after {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            left: 50%;
            transform: translateX(-50%);
            bottom: 0;
            width: 80px;
            height: 4px;
            background-color: var(--primary-color);
            border-radius: 2px;
        }

        /* Styles applied to all p tags except the first one in problem, solution, and results sections */
        .xiangning-case-study .problem-section p:not(:first-of-type),
        .xiangning-case-study .solution-section p:not(:first-of-type),
        .xiangning-case-study .results-section p:not(:first-of-type) {
            font-size: 1.05rem;
            color: var(--text-color);
            margin-bottom: 15px; /* Maintain paragraph spacing */
            background-color: #fff; /* Slight background distinction, similar to original list items */
            padding: 15px 20px; /* Padding */
            border-left: 5px solid var(--primary-color); /* Left emphasis border */
            border-radius: 8px;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
            transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
        }
        .results-section li{
            font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    background-color: #fff;
    padding: 15px 20px;
    border-left: 5px solid var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
        }
        .solution-section li{
            font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    background-color: #fff;
    padding: 15px 20px;
    border-left: 5px solid var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
        }
        .problem-section li{
            font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    background-color: #fff;
    padding: 15px 20px;
    border-left: 5px solid var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .problem-section p:not(:first-of-type):hover,
        .xiangning-case-study .solution-section p:not(:first-of-type):hover,
        .xiangning-case-study .results-section p:not(:first-of-type):hover {
            transform: translateX(5px);
            box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
        }
        /* For emphasized text within paragraphs, use strong */
        .xiangning-case-study .problem-section p strong,
        .xiangning-case-study .solution-section p strong,
        .xiangning-case-study .results-section p strong {
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-weight: bold;
        }


        .xiangning-case-study .results-highlight {
            font-size: 1.2rem;
            font-weight: bold;
            color: green;
            text-align: center;
            margin-top: 30px;
            padding: 20px;
            background-color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 0.1);
            border-radius: 10px;
            border: 1px dashed green;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .results-highlight.pharma {
            color: #cc8400;
            background-color: rgba(204, 132, 0, 0.1);
            border-color: #cc8400;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .results-highlight.logistics {
            color: #1e88e5;
            background-color: rgba(30, 136, 229, 0.1);
            border-color: #1e88e5;
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .testimonial {
            font-style: italic;
            background-color: #f0f8ff;
            border-left: 5px solid var(--primary-color);
            padding: 25px;
            border-radius: 10px;
            margin-top: 40px;
            box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .testimonial p {
            margin-bottom: 10px;
            font-size: 1.1rem;
            color: var(--light-text-color);
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .testimonial cite {
            display: block;
            text-align: right;
            font-weight: bold;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-style: normal;
            margin-top: 15px;
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .cta-section {
            text-align: center;
            background-color: var(--primary-color);
            color: #fff;
            padding: 50px 30px;
            border-radius: 15px;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .cta-section h3 {
            color: #fff;
            font-size: 2.2rem;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .cta-section p {
            color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
            font-size: 1.1rem;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .cta-section .cta-button {
            background-color: #ffc107; /* Accent color button */
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-weight: bold;
            /* Changed to inline-flex for better content alignment */
            display: inline-flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            white-space: normal; /* Allow text wrapping */
            text-align: center;
            min-width: 200px; /* Ensure a minimum width to prevent excessive squeezing */
            box-sizing: border-box; /* Include padding in width */
            padding: 15px 40px; /* Base padding */
            border-radius: 30px;
            font-size: 1.1rem;
            box-shadow: 0 6px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
            transition: background-color 0.3s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .cta-section .cta-button:hover {
            background-color: #e0a800;
            transform: translateY(-3px);
            box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .related-cases-section {
            background-color: #f0f8ff;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .related-cases-section h3 {
            font-size: 2rem;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .related-cases-grid {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
            gap: 25px;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .related-case-card {
            background-color: #fff;
            border-radius: 10px;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
            overflow: hidden;
            transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
            text-align: left;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .related-case-card:hover {
            transform: translateY(-5px);
            box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .related-case-card img {
            width: 100%;
            height: 180px;
            object-fit: cover;
            border-radius: 10px 10px 0 0;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .related-case-card-content {
            padding: 20px;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .related-case-card-content h4 {
            font-size: 1.3rem;
            margin-top: 0;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .related-case-card-content p {
            font-size: 0.95rem;
            /*color: var(--light-text-color);*/
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            line-height: 1.5;
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .related-case-card-content .read-more {
            font-size: 0.9rem;
            font-weight: bold;
        }

        /* Image Slider/Carousel Styles */
        .xiangning-case-study .image-slider {
            position: relative;
            width: 100%;
            max-width: 900px; /* Controls max width of slider */
            margin: 40px auto; /* Centers and adds vertical spacing */
            border-radius: 15px;
            overflow: hidden;
            box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .slider-track {
            display: flex;
            transition: transform 0.5s ease-in-out; /* Smooth sliding effect */
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .slider-slide {
            min-width: 100%; /* Each slide takes full width of container */
            /*height: 450px; */
            overflow: hidden;
            display: flex; /* Ensures image is centered in slide */
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            background-color: #eee; /* Placeholder background color */
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .slider-slide img {
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            object-fit: cover; /* Crops image to fit container */
            border-radius: 0; /* Inner images do not need rounded corners */
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .slider-nav {
            position: absolute;
            top: 50%;
            transform: translateY(-50%); /* Ensures vertical centering */
            background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
            color: #fff;
            border: none;
            padding: 15px 10px;
            font-size: 1.5rem;
            cursor: pointer;
            z-index: 10;
            border-radius: 8px; /* Button rounded corners */
            transition: background-color 0.3s ease; /* Only transition background color */
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .slider-nav:hover {
            background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
            /* Important: Override general button hover transform - keep it centered vertically */
            transform: translateY(-50%); 
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .prev-slide {
            left: 10px;
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .next-slide {
            right: 10px;
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .slider-dots {
            position: absolute;
            bottom: 15px;
            left: 50%;
            transform: translateX(-50%);
            display: flex;
            gap: 10px;
            z-index: 10;
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .dot {
            width: 12px;
            height: 12px;
            background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
            border-radius: 50%;
            cursor: pointer;
            transition: background-color 0.3s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
        }

        .xiangning-case-study .dot.active {
            background-color: var(--primary-color);
            transform: scale(1.2);
            box-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
        }
        .xiangning-case-study .dot:hover {
            background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
        }


        /* ------------------------------------------
        Media Queries - Responsive Adjustments (scoped)
        ------------------------------------------
        */
        @media (max-width: 1230px) { /* When screen width is less than 1230px, adjust padding to fit layout */
            .xiangning-case-study .case-detail-container {
                padding: 30px 15px; /* Adjust left/right padding to prevent content from sticking to edges */
            }
        }
        @media (min-width: 901px) { /* On desktop and larger tablets, force 3 columns */
            .xiangning-case-study .overview-details {
                grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); /* Three equal columns */
            }
        }
        @media (max-width: var(--breakpoint-md)) {
            .xiangning-case-study .case-detail-container {
                padding: 20px 15px;
            }
            /* Font sizes for hero text are now handled by clamp() in base styles */
            .xiangning-case-study .hero-image-wrapper {
                height: 350px;
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .overview-section,
            .xiangning-case-study .problem-section,
            .xiangning-case-study .solution-section,
            .xiangning-case-study .results-section,
            .xiangning-case-study .cta-section,
            .xiangning-case-study .related-cases-section {
                padding: 20px;
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .overview-section h2 {
                font-size: 2rem;
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .overview-section p {
                font-size: 1rem;
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .overview-details {
                display: flex; /* Changed to flexbox for better mobile control */
                flex-direction: column; /* Stack items vertically */
                align-items: center; /* Center items horizontally */
                gap: 10px; /* Spacing between items */
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .overview-item {
                margin: 5px 0; /* Adjust vertical margin, align-items on parent handles horizontal centering */
                /* Removed width: 100%; as max-width and parent's align-items handle sizing and centering */
                max-width: 320px; /* Limit max width for centering effect */
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .section-header h2 {
                font-size: 2rem;
            }
            /* Mobile paragraph font size reduction */
            .xiangning-case-study .problem-section p:not(:first-of-type),
            .xiangning-case-study .solution-section p:not(:first-of-type),
            .xiangning-case-study .results-section p:not(:first-of-type) {
                font-size: 1rem;
                padding: 12px 15px;
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .cta-section h3 {
                font-size: 1.8rem;
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .cta-section p {
                font-size: 1rem;
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .cta-section .cta-button {
                font-size: 1rem;
                padding: 12px 30px; /* Keep previous adjustment */
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .related-cases-section h3 {
                font-size: 1.8rem;
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .image-slider {
                max-width: 100%; /* Mobile image slider takes full width */
                margin: 20px auto;
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .slider-slide {
                height: 300px; /* Mobile slider height adjustment */
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .slider-nav {
                padding: 10px 8px; /* Mobile navigation button adjustment */
                font-size: 1.2rem;
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .slider-dots {
                bottom: 8px;
                gap: 8px;
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .dot {
                width: 10px;
                height: 10px;
            }
        }

        @media (max-width: var(--breakpoint-sm)) {
            /* Font sizes for hero text are now handled by clamp() in base styles */
            .xiangning-case-study .hero-image-wrapper {
                height: 250px;
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .overview-section h2 {
                font-size: 1.8rem;
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .section-header h2 {
                font-size: 1.8rem;
            }
            .xiangning-case-study .slider-slide {
                height: 200px; /* Extra small screen slider height adjustment */
            }
            /* Further reduce CTA button padding and font size for very small screens */
            .xiangning-case-study .cta-section .cta-button {
                font-size: 0.85rem; /* Slightly smaller font for very small screens */
                padding: 10px 20px; /* Increased padding for the button on small screens */
                /* Added flex-shrink to prevent content from shrinking too much */
                flex-shrink: 0; 
                line-height: 1.2; /* Adjust line height for multi-line text */
            }
        }